In the Beginning
This file converter technology first appeared in Thermo Fisher’s original DOS product Spectra Calc. File converters were small programs which were called by the main application to convert "foreign" file formats into a format that it could read. The advantage of this approach was that new or updated converters could easily be added to an existing installed product. As vendors introduced new software for their instruments, Thermo Fisher worked hard to make sure Thermo Scientific software was compatible with customer’s data files. From this, a library of file converters supporting most of the popular analytical instruments began to grow. When Microsoft introduced Windows 3.0, Thermo Fisher migrated the converter technology into the GRAMS product line and continued to update the converter library.

Although the development of the original file converter technology is an impressive feat, there were some drawbacks. First and foremost, the user had to know what format the data was in and manually select the appropriate converter - not always an easy task if the user did not collect the data. Then, in a separate step, the user had to import the data into a Thermo Scientific SPC file and then open it. Some early attempts in GRAMS to automate the process allowed the user to select a limited number of file converters that would appear in the File / Open dialog box. The "Files of Type" field would show the converters and when a file was opened, it would call the specified converter automatically. This worked to some degree but did not allow all the converters to be invoked and depended only on the file extension as a unique identifier for the file type.

The Countless Possibilities
The ultimate goal of Thermo Fisher was to have a product that could automatically identify and convert data files without any input from the user. In order to achieve this goal, it would be necessary for the software to uniquely identify data files. Thermo Fisher engineers examined the Thermo Scientific file format archives and tried to identify the parameters that could be used to easily distinguish among all the existing data file formats. This was not a trivial task. Every potential solution had its share of drawbacks. One possibility was to use the 3 letter file extensions as a unique identifier. This would work for some instrument vendor data formats. However, many instrument vendors use the same file extension such as .DAT. Then also, many other vendors allow for any extension or no extension at all. It is also likely that other non-scientific applications use the same extensions that many instrument data files use. Another mechanism they explored was to perform some sort of file check. This involved opening the data file itself and looking for a unique identifying pattern. For some formats, this was relatively easy as the files contained identifiers such as "This is vendor XXX file" or a unique pattern of bytes. In others, it was much more difficult, and sometimes impossible to find a unique file "fingerprint". Other methods involved actually attempting to convert the file and if it failed, to assume it is not the correct file format.

A New Technology
Through all their findings, Thermo Fisher engineers determined that they needed to build a software component that would utilize a database of hierarchical rules that combined all of the above techniques for identifying data file types. Within the database, there would be a set of file checking rules for each and every data type. This database can be easily extended and updated as new converters are introduced or older ones are updated. When a user selects a data file to load, the rules stored in the database are applied to the data file to automatically identify the data type. The file is then automatically converted into SPC format and loaded into the application. This operation is extremely fast so that loading and converting most data files seem instantaneous.

This technology is called SmartConvert, a software component that can automatically identify a data file, select the correct file converter, and convert it for loading into any Thermo Scientific software application. Users can see the results in GRAMS/32 (Version 5.1 or higher) or Spectral ID. One can select any file on one's system to open and SmartConvert will identify, convert, and load it into the Thermo Scientific application. It�s as if the file were already in the Thermo Scientific SPC format. With SmartConvert, Thermo Scientific has essentially "normalized" analytical data once again, but this time in a more powerful and convenient way for the user.